Summary

COVID-19 has thus far unfolded as the quintessential ‘black swan’ event – it came out of nowhere and overturned the global financial and geopolitical status quo. Moreover, the pandemic’s upheavals are far from over, as with each passing month that the virus continues to spread, states sink deeper and deeper into economic and, eventually, political distress. This is particularly true of the developing world, where several states were taking on dangerous amounts of debt before the virus even appeared, and many of them can be found on the African continent.